Return of the Conversos (1497-1677)

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Sources:

Dr. Henry Abramson (YouTube)
“Who Was Doña Gracia Nasi? Jewish History as Biography”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i8nrvAyiXkI

Uriel da Costa
Exemplar Humanae Vitae
Courtesy San Jose State University
https://pdp.sjsu.edu/people/victoria.harrison/courses/JWSS111/s1/Acosta-memoir.pdf

CrashCourse (YouTube)
“Cartesian Skepticism – Neo, Meet René: CrashCourse Philosophy #5”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MLKrmw906TM

François Soyer
“King Manuel I and the expulsion of the Castilian Conversos and Muslims from Portugal in 1497: new perspectives”
University of Southampton
http://www.catedra-alberto-benveniste.org/_fich/15/Francois_Soyer_(1).pdf

Bento de Spinoza
Theological-Political Treatise
https://www.earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/spinoza1669.pdf

0:00 The Portuguese Resistance
3:40 Gracia Mendes Nasi
5:55 The Dutch Revolt
9:20 Uriel da Costa
13:28 The Reopening of Western Europe
16:48 Spinoza
24:20 The Paradox of Chosenness
27:09 The Birth of Secular Judaism